Nucleated red blood cells

Peripheral blood can not be seen in normal adults, and a small amount can be seen in neonatal peripheral blood within 1 week of birth. The appearance of nucleated red blood cells in adult peripheral blood is a pathological phenomenon. Can be seen in: ① proliferative anemia: most commonly found in various hemolytic anemia, acute hemorrhagic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, severe hypopigmented anemia. It is more common to have young or young erythrocytes. The presence of nucleated red blood cells in peripheral blood indicates that the proliferation of red blood cell lines in the bone marrow is significantly active; ② red blood disease, red leukemia: abnormal proliferation of juvenile red blood cells in the bone marrow and release into the blood, the original red blood cells and early red blood cells are more common; : During bone marrow fibrosis, spleen, liver, lymph nodes and other tissues restore hematopoietic function during the embryonic period. Due to the lack of ability to regulate the release of blood cells, a large number of naive blood cells enter peripheral blood. Immature red blood cells can be seen at all stages of development, and immature granulocytes and megakaryocytes can be seen; ④ others: such as bone marrow metastatic cancer, severe hypoxia, and so on.