Endometriosis

Under normal circumstances, the endometrium covers the surface of the uterine body cavity. If the endometrium grows in other parts of the body due to some factors, it can become endometriosis. This ectopic endometrium not only has endometrial glands in histology, but also is surrounded by endometrial stroma; in terms of function, it changes significantly with estrogen levels, that is, changes with the menstrual cycle, but only part Affected by progestin, can produce a small amount of menstruation and cause various clinical phenomena. If the patient is pregnant, the ectopic endometrium may have decidual changes. Although this ectopic endometrium grows in other tissues or organs, it is different from the infiltration of malignant tumors. The peak of this disease is 30 to 40 years old. The actual incidence of endometriosis is much higher than clinically seen. When performing laparotomy for other gynecological diseases and careful pathological examination of the resected uterine accessory specimens, it can be found that about 20 to 25% of patients have ectopic endometrium.