Craniopharyngioma in children

Craniopharyngioma originates from the flattened epithelial cells remaining during pituitary embryogenesis. It is a common congenital benign tumor, mostly located on the sphenoid saddle, and a few in the saddle. Craniopharyngioma has many different names and is related to the starting site and growth, such as supra saddle cyst, cranio-buccal tumor, pituitary tube tumor, ameloblastoma, epithelial cyst, and enamel tumor. Onset of craniopharyngioma occurs in children and adolescents. Its main clinical features are hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, increased intracranial pressure, vision and visual field disorders, diabetes insipidus, and neurological and psychiatric symptoms. A CT scan can confirm the diagnosis. The main treatment is surgical removal of the tumor. At the end of the 19th century, some pathologists noticed a rare type of epithelial tumors growing in the sphenoid region. They thought that the tumors might originate from the pituitary canal or cranial cheek pouch. In 1904 Erdheim described the histological characteristics of the tumor in detail, and thought that the tumor might come from the degenerate pituitary gland mdash; mdash; pharyngeal duct flat epithelial cells. Later, it was discovered that the growth of craniopharyngioma was along the path of the cranio-buccal sac from the throat pharynx to the bottom of the saddle, inside the saddle, on the saddle, and the front of the third ventricle. Some people notice the difference between adult and child craniopharyngioma, and think that adult tumors are not embryogenic, but tissue transformation that occurs in pituitary cells after birth because of the presence of flat epithelial cells in the pituitary, but this explanation remains Lack of evidence. In 1910, Lewis first attempted to remove this type of tumor. The name craniopharyngioma became popular after 1918.