Anti-histone antibody

Histone is the most abundant protein in the nucleus, and its complex with DNA is called chromatin. The most basic subunit structure of chromatin is a nucleosome, which consists of a 146 base pair DNA strand wrapped around 8 histone molecules (2 H2A-H2B heterodimers with 2 Dimer H2-H4) consists of a core composed of two circles and a histone H1 outside the core is composed of linked DNA (about 60 base pairs). H1 binds to both the core DNA and the junction DNA, which acts to connect adjacent nucleosomes. Each of the five histones has its own autoantibody. There is a linkage between the anti-DNA autoimmune response and the anti-histone autoimmune response. Patients with positive anti-DNA antibodies can often detect anti-histone antibodies at the same time, but anti-histone antibody positives are not necessarily accompanied by anti-DNA antibodies.